HUMAN RIGHTS AND ISLAMIC LAW IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY: RECONCILING UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES AND ISLAMIC VALUES

The relationship between human rights and Islamic law remains an important and contested issue in contemporary legal and social discourse. While human rights are frequently presented as universal principles grounded in human dignity, equality, freedom, and justice, Islamic law is rooted in the Qur'an, Sunnah, Islamic jurisprudence, and the broader objectives of the Sharia. Differences in normative foundations have sometimes generated perceptions of incompatibility, particularly concerning religious freedom, gender equality, freedom of expression, family law, and the relationship between individual rights and collective responsibilities. This study aims to examine the relationship between human rights and Islamic law in contemporary society and to identify a conceptual framework for reconciling universal human rights principles with Islamic values. The study employs a qualitative library research approach by critically analyzing academic literature, Islamic legal sources, Qur'anic principles, classical and contemporary Islamic jurisprudence, and international human rights instruments. The findings indicate that significant normative convergence exists between Islamic law and human rights, particularly in the protection of human dignity, life, justice, property, family, intellectual capacity, and freedom from arbitrary harm. The study further demonstrates that maqāṣid al-sharīʿah provides an important interpretive framework for connecting Islamic legal principles with contemporary human rights discourse. Rather than assuming complete identity or fundamental incompatibility, the relationship should be understood through a model of principled convergence that recognizes both shared objectives and contextual differences. The study proposes an integrative framework based on human dignity, justice, maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, contextual interpretation, proportionality, public benefit, and prevention of harm. Such an approach can facilitate constructive engagement between Islamic law and human rights while preserving the normative integrity of Islamic values.

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